Shorterhand:
lives--;
or
--lives;
Although it can make code less legible for some people if they aren't used to it. And the two are sliiiiiightly different in that they can both be used in-line and will read and write to lives at the same time even in the middle of code, but the value used will be the previous value if -- is put at the end, or the next value if -- is put at the beginning.
E.g.:
lives = 4;
cat = lives--;
dog = --lives;
cat will be 4, while dog will be 2. cat is set to lives before it is decreased, then lives will be decreased (from 4 to 3); dog is set to lives after it has been decreased again (from 3 to 2).